拉丁前綴inter-來(lái)源于拉丁介詞inter,意思相當(dāng)于 between(在…之間) 或 among (在…的中間)。inter-本是原生詞綴,它出現(xiàn)在從法語(yǔ)引進(jìn)的拉丁詞中。但是,現(xiàn)在它已經(jīng)成為英語(yǔ)的派生前綴,可以與不同語(yǔ)源的動(dòng)詞、名詞相結(jié)合,表示between,mutually,mutual等意思。與動(dòng)詞結(jié)合時(shí),inter-是個(gè)副詞性前綴,不改變?cè)~基單詞的詞性;與名詞結(jié)合時(shí),它是形容詞或介詞性前綴。當(dāng)它作為介詞性前綴與名詞結(jié)合時(shí),可能改變?cè)~基的詞性,生成形容詞。inter-的異體intel-只能作原生詞綴,出現(xiàn)在intellect等少數(shù)單詞中。與前綴inter-形近的前綴有intro,intra 意為“在內(nèi),向內(nèi)”,注意不要混淆。
另外,前綴inter-有以下幾種變形。
1. intel- [在輔音字母I前]
intelligent, intellectual
2.enter- (emtr-)[用于法語(yǔ)系統(tǒng)]
entertainer, enterprising, entrepreneur
例詞:
1.intercept [inter( =between) +cept( =take)在中間抓住、奪取]
vt. seize or stop on the way, before arrival at the intended place; interrupt an enemy force, especially enemy aircraft 中途奪取,抓住,搶奪;攔截
interception 中途奪取,抓住,搶奪,攔截 interceptor 中途搶奪的人;攔截機(jī)
ex)tried to Intercept Ms.Barnes before she reached the airport.
我設(shè)法在巴恩斯女士到達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)前攔住她。
2.interrupt [inter( =between) +rupt( =break)在其間打碎]
vt. break the continuity of; cut in; break in upon a person’s action,speech,etc.中斷;阻斷:妨礙行動(dòng)、說(shuō)話等 interruption 中斷:妨礙,阻礙 interrupter 阻礙者,妨礙物
ex) Regular programming was Interrupted for an important news bulletin.
因?yàn)橐宀ヒ粭l重要新聞公告,正常的節(jié)目播放被中斷了。
3.intellectual [intel
n. a person with intellectual interests or tastes 有知識(shí)的人,知識(shí)分子
adj. of the intellect; having or showing good reasoning power 知識(shí)的;智能的,智力超群的 intellect 智力,理解力;理智;(復(fù)數(shù)或作為總稱時(shí))知識(shí)分子,有識(shí)之士 intelligence 智力;信息 intelligentsia 知
識(shí)階層 intelligent聰明的
ex) While bright,I hardly think he qualifies as an in intellectual.
他雖然很聰明,不過(guò)我認(rèn)為他不夠格做一個(gè)知識(shí)分子。
4.enterprising [enter
adj. showing enterprise; full of energy and initiative; willing to take risks 事業(yè)心強(qiáng)的;進(jìn)取的;有冒險(xiǎn)精神的 enterprise 事業(yè);進(jìn)取心,冒險(xiǎn)心
ex) Her enterprising nature gives a high probability for success as a CEO.
她進(jìn)取的性格使她很可能成為一個(gè)成功的首席執(zhí)行官。
5.intervene [inter( =between) +ven( =come)來(lái)到其間]
vt. in+sth come between others in time; interfere so as to prevent something or change the result 介入其中,干預(yù),干涉;仲裁 intervention 調(diào)停,仲裁;干涉,介入
ex)I try not to intervene in the disputes among my children.
我盡量不介入孩子之間的爭(zhēng)吵。
6.intermediary [inter( =between) +medi( =middle)在其間起到中間作用的]
n. go-between, mediator; any medium, means, or agency 中介者,仲裁者,調(diào)停人;中間物,媒介物
adj. acting as a link between persons and groups; intermediate 中介的,仲裁的:中間的 intermediate(時(shí)間、空間、程度等)在中間的;中間物
ex)He played a role as Intermediary in ending the Russo-Japanese War.
他在結(jié)束日俄戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中起到了調(diào)解人的作用。