1、基本結(jié)構(gòu):“It is/was +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+其他成分”
強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)可用來強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的主語、賓語和狀語等。
◇It was a European chemistwho produced the medicine.(強(qiáng)調(diào)主語)
是一位歐洲藥劑師發(fā)明了這種藥。
◇It was him that we met at the school gate.(強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語)
我們在學(xué)校門口見到的是他。
◇It was at three o'clock that we finished the work(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語)
我們是在三點(diǎn)鐘完成工作的。
★ 2、who/that的選用
強(qiáng)調(diào)句中,引導(dǎo)詞一般用that,that只起連接作用,沒有實(shí)際意義,而且不能夠省略掉。指人時(shí),that可以用who替代,其他情況下均用that。
◇It is our parents who/that we depend on when we are in trouble.
當(dāng)我們遇到困難時(shí)是我們的父母值得依靠。(所強(qiáng)調(diào)的是人,所以who和that都可以用)
◇It is a wallet that he picked up.
他撿起來的是一個(gè)錢包。(所強(qiáng)調(diào)的wallet是物,只能用that)
3、is/was的選用
原句謂語動(dòng)詞是過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)時(shí),被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分用“It was...”;原句為現(xiàn)在的某種時(shí)態(tài)時(shí),被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分用“It is...”。
4、主謂一致
強(qiáng)調(diào)句中被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分如果是句子的主語,that/who之后的謂語動(dòng)詞在人稱和數(shù)詞上應(yīng)與被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語保持一致。
◇It is you whoare in charge of it.
是你應(yīng)該為此負(fù)責(zé)。
◇It is I who am to blame for the fault.
是我應(yīng)該因這個(gè)過失而受責(zé)備。
辨析:強(qiáng)調(diào)句和其他從句的區(qū)別
一般來說,如果把句子中的It is/was ...that/who...去掉后稍加調(diào)整語序,能還原成完整的句子,并且句子意思依然完整,則為強(qiáng)調(diào)句。否則為從句。
◇The fact that he has lost the game by one score disappointed us.
他以一份之差輸?shù)袅吮荣愡@個(gè)事實(shí)讓我們感到失望。(本句是同位語從句,that從句解釋說明fact的內(nèi)容。)
◇It is the fact that has made us happy.
正是這個(gè)事實(shí)使我們高興。(本句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句,去掉It is和that后,句子依然成立且句意完整)
do/does/did強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語時(shí),往往只用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)的肯定句或肯定結(jié)構(gòu)的祈使句,不適用于be動(dòng)詞(祈使句除外)
◇She does know the place well.
她確實(shí)很熟悉這個(gè)地方。
◇They did go there yesterday.
他們昨天確實(shí)去那了。
★1、被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是狀語從句
◇It was only after he had read the papers that Mr.Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.
是在格羅斯先生閱讀完那些文件后,他才發(fā)現(xiàn)他面臨的這個(gè)任務(wù)極難完成。
本句正常語序?yàn)镸r.Gross realized...only after he had read the paper。而從句the task before him was extremely difficult to complete是動(dòng)詞realized的賓語。
2、被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分含有定語從句
◇It was at a bank that lies on the main street that she robbed for 10000 yuan.
就在位于主干道上的一家銀行旁,她被搶走了1萬塊錢。
3、not...until結(jié)構(gòu)用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句
◇It was not until he came back from Africa that year that he met the girl he would like to marry.
直到那年他從非洲回來后他才遇到了他想娶的女孩。
4、強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)
強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)為:“Is/Was it +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that...?”
◇Was it in this restaurant that you lost your necklace?
你是在這家飯店丟的項(xiàng)鏈嗎?
◇Was it last year that your cousin went abroad?
你表哥是去年出國的嗎?
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